The Adolf Hitler Schulen ( AHS ) was an association, first of 10 and finally of 12 1 National Socialist schools , to which Hitler allowed to take its name the 15 of January of 1937. Its foundation was based on the plan of Robert to erect a “Gauburg” ( citadel ) in each gau , creating a party school system.
This would have to have transformed the public napoles , but the minister of education Bernhard Rust only agreed in the case of the “Aufbauschulen” boarding schools (college-educated higher education) supported by the party, in educating future Leaders. None of the plans carried out. Until 1941, the Adolf Hitler Schulen was financed by the German Labor Front , and the responsibility for its structure was not taken directly by the Nazi Party , but by the leader of the Hitler Youth, the Reichsjugendführer .
The AHS is an example of a “revolution in education”:
The responsibility of the youth itself is also possible in school. - Baldur von Schirach
Adolf Hitler’s schools are political centers of education for a selection of German youth. Whoever has passed that formation is politically marked and is an unconditional fighter of National Socialism. Fanatically convinced of his faith in the idea, it has to be an example of National Socialist life for the whole people, a firm anchor for all vacillating figures, an enemy of all the parasites of the people. The young person does not become a beneficiary of an institution of the movement, but in its representative, in a bearer of the idea, implanted therein. 2
- Guido Knopp
Thus, the Hitler Youth announced their intention to transform the educational system. In practice, the AHS barely achieved more than the duplicate management model of boarding schools. Youth leaders were hired as school leaders 2 (in German , Schulführer ) and a youth commander ( Kommandeur ) supervised the area schools instead of the corresponding gauleiter. 3 Most of them were ambitious and inexperienced, educators worked on educational and curricular plans, and only published plans for art and vocational education in 1944. Coordination was scarce in combining basic subjects in Volkskunde (folklore) and in Content and introduction to new subjects such as schooling in the worldview (sometimes called simply NSDAP ) and religious culture (although no subject of denominational religion was offered). The Latin became the most taught foreign language, and, as in the napolas, subjects of music and athletics were guaranteed. The Einsätze (action groups) were part of the educational theory of both types of schools and allowed students to prove themselves, usually in leadership roles of the Hitler Youth.
In early 1941, the AHS became the Reich Schools of the NSDAP . After 1941, some AHS were transferred to empty sanitariums and closed convents. The allocation of students according to their area was stopped and German-speaking students from the occupied territories were accepted.
In this way the disparate criteria with which the Hitler Youth, under the control of the local leaders of gau, selected the students became more evident. His concept of education was based primarily on each applicant demonstrating that he was the best. In 1941, the Ministry of Education certified that the final exam Abschlussbeurteilung , awarded after six years of study) qualified the students for university studies. 3 During those six years, had assumed leadership positions in the evacuation of children to the field, and after 1943, as assistant air fire .
Student selection
Each gauleiter had to take into account the following points for the selection of possible students: 4
- The Hitler Youth assessed the leadership capacity of the children: they had to prove that they were already excellent leaders among their peers.
- They had to prove the racial purity of their ancestors: The certificate of family lineage had to be reached until 1 January 1800.
- They had to be absolutely healthy.
- The family lineage had to be totally free of genetic diseases.
- The student’s parents had to be active members of the NSDAP or party sub organizations.
Along with cognitive skills, emphasis was placed on social skills (teamwork, fellowship, cooperativity, etc.).
References
- Back to top↑ Die Adolf-Hitler-Schulen: Pädagogische Provinz versus ideologische Zuchtanstalt (in German) . Weinheim und München. 2001 S.60. ISBN 3779914131 .
- ↑ Jump to:a b Knopp, Guido (2001). Salvat Editores, SA, ed. Hitler’s children . Salvat contemporary. P. 447. ISBN 9788434509337 .
- ↑ Jump to:a b Robert Ley and Baldur von Schirach (1937). “The way of the German Youth”. In Hummel, Hans Eugen. Gerd Ruhle Fifth Year . Berlin NW (7): 117-118. 1. The Adolf Hitler Schule are units for the Hitler Youth, and are under their jurisdiction. The directive regarding the subjects to be taught, the curriculum and the team of teachers will be chosen by the leaders of the Reich. 2. The Adolf Hitler schools comprise six courses. General admission takes place from the age of 12. 3. Those admitted must be boys who have proven themselves as outstanding in the Junior Jungvolk Hitler Youth and who are recommended by their competent superiors. 4. Training in Adolf Hitler schools is free. 5. Supervision of schools falls under the jurisdiction of the NSDAP district leader, whether he exercises the right of supervision or transfers his performance to the District Education Bureau (Gauschulungsampt). 6. After a successful examination any race in the Party and in the Reich remains open for the students of Adolf Hitler. Munich, January 17, 1937
- Back to top↑ Denkschrift ‘Die Adolf-Hitler-Schule’ 1937, S. 10 | language = German.
- Bibliography
- Christian Zentner, Friedemann Bedürftig (1991). The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich . Macmillan, New York. ISBN 0-02-897502-2