Odilo Globocnik

Odilo Globocnik Lothario ( Trieste , 21 of April of 1904 - Paternion , Austria , 31 May of 1945 ) was a General SS and one of the most prominent executives perpetrators Jewish Holocaust .

Biography

He was born into a Slovenian family in Trieste (when he was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire ), in present-day Italy . His father was a military man from the Habsburg house who retired in 1918 and his mother was Hungarian.

Globocnik acted as dealer in construction materials and in 1922 being in Carinthia joined pre - Nazi paramilitary groups. In 1931, he joined the NSDAP and subsequently enrolled in the SS with no. 442,939 in 1934, soon perpetrated various subversive activities and was arrested and imprisoned on several occasions. He promoted Nazi movements against the Austrian government in favor of annexation ( Anschluss ) until his overthrow, which earned him the reward of Hitler himself as a Gauleiter of Vienna in August 1938.

Nevertheless, his cold, energetic, brutal and dynamic personality that had the high ascendancy with Himmler of which he was unconditional, Globocnik took advantage of the situation and led an extravagant lifestyle, made turbid maneuvers of party economic resources, usurped goods Of Jewish families and incurred in serious political descriptions creating a trail of personal enemies of the Catholic wing of the NSDAP whose threads were extended until gaining a bad reputation before Hermann Göring that did the possible to disband it. Finally, Himmler himself removed him from office and Hitler appointed Josef Burckel as successor in January 1939.

Globocnik, who had already been dismissed, did not go away and sought remission, enrolling that same year in the Waffen SS as a volunteer and participated in the Invasion of Poland , in the Germania regiment where, thanks to his meritorious deeds, he obtained the acquittal of Himmler and a degree as Officer not commissioned.

Himmler, by virtue of his merits, granted him a second chance and on November 9 , 1939, he was appointed Chief of Police in Lublin .

Aktion Reinhard

The 31 of October of 1941 , Globocnik received the verbal order of Himmler to initiate the first guidelines of Aktion Reinhard , called Nisko Plan involving the region construction of the first extermination camp in Belzec and the following fields for the same purpose : Treblinka , Majdanek , Sobibor and Małkinia Górna . For these purposes, Himmler created a front company in which Globocnick was a director.

He received slave hand and installations, furnaces and also under management rose Rolf Günther oversaw alongside doctors in racial hygiene Wilhelm Pfannenstiel and Kurt Gerstein procurement and administration of Zyklon B in place of carbon monoxide for gassing of Victims. The toxicant was produced by IG Farben licensed Degesh ¹

Once these camps were operational, he proceeded to liquidate the ghettos of Warsaw and Bialystok who together had about 515,000 Jews, in addition implemented the Guetto or Reservation of Lublin with 95,000 Jews selected for use in hand slave as well as other fields of forced labor. So brutal and effective was the management of Globocnik that the first three camps erected ended or declined in 1943. It organized the police in the territories conquered in the Soviet Union naming five SS commanders in key positions with the following distribution in the territories: Georg Michalsen in the Riga district ; Kurt Classen in Minsk ; Hermann Höfle in Mogilew, Richard Thomalla in the Kiev region and Dorp Hermann as regional police chief. These people were commissioned to build forced labor camps and transfer camps that were within the Aktion Reinhard framework .

Oppression in Zamosc

Himmler also by managing Globocnik conducted tests resettlements in the region of Zamość and later applied to Slavs when the USSR was conquered. For this he used a special contingent as the SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger to sweep the partisans of Belarus.

In Zamość resettlement trials were carried out brutally and there was great resistance on the part of the partisans, this triggered a response from Globocnik bringing into action also the einsatzgruppen and the SS Feldgendarmerie together with the local police, carried out many massacres in Some 110 villages of this region and thousands of Jews escaped to the Belarusian forests. The cruelty of the murderers and the mass flight of Poles greatly annoyed Hans Frank who informed Himmler of the results of Globocnik’s actions. Himmler ordered the suspension of the test program.

Final

Globocnik was transferred to Trieste as SS High-ranking Head of Police and Adriatic Police, Globocnik moved with a complete extermination team (called Einsatz R). The team included a Ukrainian SS contingent, some former regional participants of Aktion Reinhard and also the managers of the closed concentration camps in Poland: Franz Stangl , Gottlieb Hering , Lorenz Hackenholt and Christian Wirth .

In Istria continued the persecution of Sephardic Italian Jews besides azkenahzies and the politics of the extermination in the Fields of San Saba near Trieste, in addition initiated a program of Euthanasia in the hospitals. This triggered strong reactions from partisans of Titus who harassed them, chased them and surrounded them until their capture. In one of these actions he died ambushed in Erpelle, Christian Wirth, ² the 26 of maypole of 1944 , Hackenholt apparently managed to slip away and never heard of his whereabouts, nor was seen more alive, so did Gottlieb Hering.

Globocnik was arrested by the British 4th Regiment Royal Hussars in the grasslands of Möslacher Alm in Carinthia, the 31 of maypole of 1945 , fell beside him, Höfle, Lerch and Michalsen. Globocnik, already detained, committed suicide by poisoning with cyanide that same day outside the walls of the castle Paternion. Globocnik was ultimately responsible for and complicit in the deaths of approximately 1,500,000 to 1,800,000 people, mostly Jews and non-Jews of nationalities such as Poles, Russians, Swedes, French, Germans, Slovaks, Dutch, Spaniards, Italians, some Portuguese, Turks and Austrians. ³

Promotions in the SS

• SS- Untersturmführer : November 9 , 1937 .
• SS- Standartenführer : 23 as maypole as 1938 .
• SS- Oberführer : September 38 , 1938 .
• SS- Rottenführer dR Foll der: 3 June as as 1939 .
• SS- Untersturmführer dR der Foll: 1 as November as 1939 .
• SS- Brigadeführer : November 18 , 1939 .
• Generalmajor der Polizei: September 26 , 1941 .
• SS- Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei: 9 as November as 1942 .

References