soda Stereo

Soda Stereo was an Argentine rock band , formed in Buenos Aires in 1982 by Gustavo Cerati ( vocals , guitar ), Héctor «Zeta» Bosio ( bass ) and Carlos Alberto Ficicchia «Charly Alberti» ( drums ), considered one of the Most influential and important Latin American bands of all time and a legend of Latin music. The band played a very important role in the development and diffusion of Latin American rock during the 80’s and 90’s. They were the first Spanish-speaking group to achieve a massive success in Latin America . Soda Stereo has topped all-time charts in his native Argentina , where he set records for record sales and concert attendance. ⁸⁹

Soda’s first sound was influenced by new wave musicians and bands like The Police , Elvis Costello and Virus , and punk bands like Television , as seen in his first four albums Soda Stereo (1984), Nothing Personal (1985) , Signos (1986) and Doble Vida (1988). In their first album, one of the styles by which they were characterized was the new wave , and to a lesser extent, the ska rhythm . Gradually it became a rock band approaching the rawest alternative sound, and eventually receiving influences of classic rock , progressive rock , hard rock , shoegaze , neo-psychedelia , Britpop and electronic music . This can be seen in his last three studio albums Animal Song (1990), Dynamo (1992) and Sueño Stereo (1995).

Four of their albums have been included in the list of the 250 best albums of all time of Ibero-American rock according to the magazine Al borde : Animal song (nº 2), Comfort and music to fly (nº 15), Signos (No. 40) and Sueño Stereo (n. 41). ¹⁰ In addition, the English edition of Rolling Stone considered Sueño Stereo as the fourth best album in Latin rock history. ¹¹ His song ” De música ligera” has been considered the second best of Hispanic American rock and the fourth of all time, both Latin American rock, ¹² and Argentine rock in particular. ¹³ The songs ” You need vitamins ” and ” Nothing personal ” have been considered No. 73 and No. 74 respectively among the best Argentine rock songs. ¹³ The videos of ” In the city of fury ” and ” She used my head like a revolver ” were finalist and winner respectively of the then only MTV Latin Music Award . The video ” Cuando pass el temblor ” was nominated finalist of the 12th World Festival of Video and TV in Acapulco . ¹⁴ In 2002 they received the Legend Award of MTV Latin America for their musical trajectory, the first that the entity delivered. ¹⁴ In their fourteen years of continuous existence, they performed 1488 recitals in 97 cities in the Americas. ¹⁵ The band sold approximately 30 million copies worldwide. ¹⁶

In 1997 it was dissolved by personal problems and by differences of artistic criteria among its members, making a short and emotional farewell tour finished on September 20, 1997 at the River Plate Stadium, known as The Last Concert . In mid- 2007 the band announced their return to perform a unique continental tour called Me Verás Volver in which it gathered more than one million followers, breaking several records of attendance and number of concerts.

History

From Stereotypes to Soda Stereo (1982-1984)

Sinking of the cruiser General Belgrano in the Falklands War of 1982 . The war strongly impacted the young and promoted rock in Spanish , heavily controlled until then. The defeat made the dictatorship collapse , making way for democracy in 1983 . At that moment Soda Stereo was born.

In the early 1980s , 22-year-old Gustavo Cerati and 23-year-old Hector “Zeta” Bosio shared the same musical tastes and dreams and began a quest to integrate a punk rock group inspired by The Police who visited Argentina In 1980, and The Cure , with own songs in Spanish. First, Cerati joined The Morgan and then formed the group Stress , along with Charly Amato, Sandra Baylac and drummer Pablo Guadalupe, and Project Erekto together with Andrés Calamaro , who did not meet their expectations.

In the summer of 1982 , they both met in Punta del Este ( Uruguay ): Cerati with his group Sauvage ¹⁷ and Bosio with The Morgan , a band also composed by Sandra Baylac , Hugo Dop, Christian Hansen, Pablo Rodríguez, ¹⁸ Charly Amato, Osvaldo Kaplan and Andrés Calamaro . ¹⁹ Due to a series of adventures, Cerati and Bosio established a close musical and friendly bond that led them to start playing together. ^twenty

Cerati commented in this way those first moments:

The date is the year 82, War of the Falklands . I worked in a junior agency. I had studied Advertising in the Faculty and with Zeta we had subjects in common, but we did not know much. I was playing with a band of blues and rock from the Flores area , west of Buenos Aires and he with a group that made covers. In the summer I went to Punta del Este with a disco music group, a group to make money. He did stuff from The Commodors , a rhythm guitarist, and he sang with a couple of English voices. The place where we played broke and we were without a peso in Punta del Este . We tried to sell everything that was in the disco, because the owner escaped. He sent us bad checks, so we started selling everything. We rented the piano to stay, because it was good that summer. One of the good ones, because there were people without money, like us. Elsewhere in Punta del Este, Zeta was playing with a group called The Morgan . Since I had nowhere to stay, I went with them, and that was when my relationship with Zeta began. We planned the idea of having a group, and then in the classes we would look for group names, to listen to music and anything but what we had to do.
We spent a long time looking for other people to do something, and finally we were Zeta and I with the keyboards of Andrés Calamaro , with whom we formed a band called Project Erekto , which was a techno group . But our idea was to put together a rock band. The Police , one of our greatest influences, had arrived in Argentina (in December 1980) and we all had to go and see them. ^twenty-one

At that time, Carlos Ficcichia, the legal name of Charly Alberti, repeatedly called Maria Laura Cerati, Gustavo ‘s sister whom he had met in the River Plate basins , to invite her out, but she thought it was a “heavy” ( Annoying) and did not want to attend. ²² On one occasion it was Gustavo who answered a call from Charly for his sister and they engaged in an engagement conversation in which Carlos said that he played drums and that he was the son of a famous jazz drummer , Tito Alberti , author besides the well-known song Children ‘ elephant trompita . ” ²³ A week later, Gustavo and Zeta decided to visit Charly Alberti (five years younger than Cerati) to hear him play on his father’s drums. After Gustavo said to Charly, “the hair you cut it!” The band was formed. ²²

After examining some occurrences (Aerosol, Side Car) they adopted the name of the Stereotypes , due to a song of The Specials ²⁴ that they impassioned to the three and that used a few months. ²⁵ of that very first date dates a demo where he recorded guitars Richard Coleman that was official member of the band during very short time in those days of 1982. The subjects of the demo were the following: ” Why I can not be of the Jet-Set ? , “Tell me Sebastian” and “I must dream” (by Ulises Butrón), accompanied by Daniel Melero on keyboards and Ulises Butrón on guitar. ²⁵ Then came the names «Soda» and «Stereo», resulting in «Soda Stereo», thus partially maintaining the initial name. ²²²⁶

On the origin and meaning of the word “soda” explained a journalist:

They say they make music with bubbles. But instead of being luxurious bubbles of champagne, they claim to assume the daily and popular representation of the siphon . ²⁷

Tito Alberti told the following anecdote:

One day I asked them how they were going to be called and they said: Soda Stereo. I was half swollen and I said to them: Why do not they put Siphon Drago ? ²⁸ They did not speak to me for six months. And where did they arrive? ^{2. 3}

They played for the first time with that name the 19 of December of 1982 on the birthday of Alfredo Lois , college classmate and who would be future director of most of his videos and creator of all aspects related to the visual presentation of the band (hairstyles , Clothing, tapas, stages, etc.). ²⁵ Lois would be recognized by Cerati himself as “the fourth Soda.” ²⁹

In order to give more strength to the band called Richard Coleman to take the role of second guitarist, but soon Richard himself recognized that sounded better before his incorporation and resigned his position on good terms, confirming definitively as Trio : Gustavo Cerati , Zeta Bosio and Charly Alberti . ²²

In July 1983 they debuted in public at the discoteque Airport, in the neighborhood of Nuñez in Buenos Aires Argentina:

Our debut was a parade of models at the discoteque Airport, which was near where we rehearsed in Buenos Aires. Nobody gave us a ball. We played three, with a very poor amplification system. But we liked it, even though no one would listen to us. We really looked like a punk band , we did not know how to play and it sounded very loud, if only that were what it was. ^twenty-one

From that moment on, Soda Stereo began touring the underground circuit of Buenos Aires, getting acquainted with other emerging bands such as Sumo , Los Twist , Daniel Melero , and others, establishing themselves as a stable band in the traditional and deteriorated cabaret Marabú , Located in Maipú 359. ²² In those first performances they interpreted subjects like “Heroes of the series”, “I saw it there” (cover in Spanish of the song of The Beatles , I Saw Her Standing There ) and “We go to the beach” , Never recorded, in addition to some others that would later appear in the second demo. ³⁰ On one occasion in the Café Einstein , Luca Prodan , faced with Cerati whom he considered “a chetito ‘ ³¹ joined Soda Stereo to sing a duet a theme of The Police. ²²

In 1983 , Lalo Mir began to broadcast a second demo of the band in their 9PM program of Radio Del Plata , where they were ” Why can not I be the Jet-Set? , ” Dietary ” and ” You need vitamins “. ²² The band was beginning to gain a bit of notoriety. One night they were called from a pub to supply the Nylon group , which they would not be able to touch. Thus began a period of constant presentations that led them to Bar Zero , exclusive place of under Buenos Aires, next to Café Einstein . In the third show, Horacio Martinez, a historical producer of “Argentine talent scouts”, listened to them and made them professionally record for CBS , a fact that did not materialize until mid- 1984 , joining the agency of Rodríguez Ares. ³²

For that then Soda Stereo was already characterized by being the band that worked more on his image and long before recording his first album they decided to make a videoclip financed with own funds. Alfredo Lois became the manager of the visual productions and graphic design of the flyers and posters of his live performances. It was he who suggested the idea of editing the video before the release of the album, something current today, but totally atypical at that time. The chosen topic was Dietetic. The filming was done with equipment “lent” of Cablevision , where Zeta Bosio worked like assistant of production. ²⁵

First album and the Chateau Rock ’85 (1984-1985)

TV Overdose was the song chosen to present his first album on December 14 , 1984 : Soda Stereo .

The video “Dietician” was released by the program Music Total of Channel 9 and had a considerable impact. ²⁵ Shortly after, in the second half of 1984 , the band recorded their first album, Soda Stereo , with the production of Federico Moura , vocalist of Virus , who had established a close artistic relationship with Cerati that was expressed in the rapprochement between both bands . The recording was made in the obsolete studies of CBS in the street Paraguay and although the result obtained was a sound cooler than the one of the live presentations, the musicians were satisfied. The trio was accompanied by Daniel Melero on keyboards (author of “Trátame suavemente”) and Gonzo Palacios in saxophone, with the category of “guest musicians”, a practice they would adopt from now on and in some cases turned out to be true members of the Band, called by the fans and the media with the title of “fourth Soda”. ²⁷³³

The official presentation of the album was made on October 1 and was organized by Ares as if it were a show, something that had never been done in Argentina until then. The site chosen was a central local fast food chain Pumper Nic (Suipacha between Corrientes and Lavalle), the most popular among young Argentines 80, and the video was shown. ²⁷ The repercussion in the press was good, although momentary. The following day the Clarín newspaper published the following declarations of the band:

We are a dietary set, looking for aesthetic paradise, Our music is dietetic. It makes you lose weight by eating, but in case of any doubt consult your doctor. We try to keep our bodies healthy and our minds slowed down. ²²

Soda Stereo in 1984. From left. Right: Charly Alberti, Zeta Bosio and Gustavo Cerati.

The growing public support was manifested in his performance in increasingly larger stages: first The Corner of the Sun in Palermo ; The Recital of Los Lagos (December 1 and 2), its first multitudinous stage, along with other bands of first line ³⁴ and conduction of Badía ; And finally its first performance in the theater Astros of 14 of December of 1984 where the disc was presented / displayed for the first time live. The aesthetics was prepared by Alfredo Lois, who for the occasion decided to place 26 televisions turned on and out of tune with the musical background of the theme ” TV Overdose “. This, added to a great amount of smoke, gave an unusual and catching visual effect. ³⁵ By the end of the year Soda Stereo was already accepted as the revelation of the year, although they appeared in the magazine Pelo . ²² At that time the first groups of fans and detractors appeared, as well as an alleged confrontation that, in Argentina, would be classic: Soda Vs. Round . ²⁷³¹

At the beginning of 1985 the band changed of agency, leaving the one of Rodríguez Ares by Ohanián Producciones, directed by Alberto Ohanián and incorporated like invited in keyboards to Fabián “Vön” Quintiero (later to play with Charly Garci’a and the Paranoic Mice ), one of The musicians “invited” who would receive the title of “fourth Soda”. ³³

On January 26, they left Buenos Aires to play at the Rock In Bali Festival in Mar del Plata and on March 17th at the Chateau Rock ’85 Festival held at the Chateau Carreras Stadium in the province of Córdoba . The official biography of the band attaches great importance to this presentation indicating that they acted before 15 thousand people and that they were the revelation of the same. ³⁶ However, Cordoba sources indicate that there were half of people and that “Raúl Porchetto was the most acclaimed and the Soda went almost unnoticed because his first album was only a few months edited. ¹⁵ Anyway the performance in the Chateau began a personal relationship of the band with the young people of Cordoba and marked the moment when the band began to take off towards the national stardom. ³⁷

The group ‘s success began at a very particular moment, related, on the one hand with the return to democracy in Argentina ( October to December of 1983 ) and the other with notions of postmodernism and how the youth of the decade Of the 1980s tried to think their role in a democratic society, which came out of a bloody dictatorship and a war . Years later Zeta Bosio reflected in this way on that moment:

Democracy produced the adrenaline of something new, something that was happening, that knew that it would modify us without knowing how well. There was more air to do things and to ramble, and we were a band of kids that we wanted to make a mess. Our attention was on punk and trying to show that there was something else that was more direct. ³⁸

The days 21 , 22 and 23 of June of 1985 returned to appear in the Theater Astros of Buenos Aires, advancing some subjects of what months later would be its second disc of study, titled Nothing personal .

On October 13 of that year, they performed before the public in Buenos Aires in the third night of the Rock & Pop Festival held at the José Amalfitani Stadium of the Vélez Sarsfield club , sharing a line with INXS , Nina Hagen , Charly García , Virus and Sumo , among others. By that time Fabian “Vön” Quintiero and the Gonzo Palacios already were “stable guests”.

Nothing Personal and first Works (1985-1986)

His second album, Nada Personal , was released in October 1985 . During the summer, the group toured Argentina, playing in Mar del Plata , Villa Gesell , Pinamar and Las Grutas , and Lomas de Zamora (Salon Go-es), also adding a consecration concert at the Festival de La Falda , in Córdoba, in which Andrés Calamaro and Charly García participated as guests on keyboards in the theme Jet-set .

In April they decided to officially present the album with a concert at the Obras Sanitarias de Buenos Aires. They realized four historical functions to full total summing 20 000 spectators, the 11 , 12 and 13 of that month. During the first of the three functions a live video of long duration edited few months later was filmed . Bobby Flores , well-known musical critic and cofounder of the revolutionary Rock & Pop radio of Buenos Aires , ended his recital chronicle in this way:

We are in front of the most powerful grouping of the country … The best parameter to measure this presentation is that I was short, seemed to have lasted ten minutes; And people were left wanting more. The exit of the stadium was a general murmur of the songs of Soda Stereo. The rain, the traffic cut in Avenida Libertador by those who went out and by those who came in, the last night of the night and a healthy feeling of well-being, leave no room for existential doubts. I put my jaw back in place, and I sang softly, I’m Azulado, in the rain for Libertador. ³⁹

From these concerts the sales of the disc began to grow quickly, happening of the gold disc , that had obtained during the summer, until the platinum, and arriving to double that figure in the following months. Without abandoning the “danceable” rhythms, this second LP achieved more depth in the lyrics and maturity in the melodies. The disc meant the definitive consecration of Soda Stereo before the Argentine public.

In June of 1986 , after a national tour, the trio recorded their second video clip with the theme ” When the tremble “, again under the direction of Alfredo Lois , in the ruins of Pucará de Tilcara , in the province of Jujuy . The video, which completed the filming of the presentation at Estadio Obras, was nominated as a finalist for the 12th World Festival of Video and TV in Acapulco a few years later. ⁴⁰

The conquest of America (1986-1989)

In 1986 the young Chileans received Soda Stereo as popular idols. The song that expressed that first contact was “Nothing personal” , that became a radial success. Shortly afterwards , in February 1987 , and again in Chile, their success at the International Song Festival of Viña del Mar opened the doors of America. ⁴¹

At the end of 1986 Soda Stereo realized its first Latin American tour , still inside the presentation of Nothing Personal . The band performed in Colombia (6-7-9-18 November in Bogota and 8 November in Medellín ), Peru (November 12 in Arequipa and November 14-15-16 in Lima ) and Chile , with the themes Of Nothing Personal and with considerable success. By that time Latin rock had little adhesion among the young people of Latin America and the bands of each country did not customarily make international tours. ⁴²

The success was especially massive in Chile, where they performed four recitals in Santiago (21-23-24-25 November) and one in Valparaiso ( November 22), during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet . A witness remembers them like this:

I remember almost as if it had been yesterday that day, November 25, 1986. At that time the concerts were held on Friday or Saturday. Friday, it was that day. It was a shitty heat, and the line to enter the stadium was already four blocks away. With my best kneaded Smile trousers and my fashionable Feathers, I smoked a short Advance that we shared with my cousin and a fellow of course, with cancheros para looking for some mine to pause. At 19 the stadium opened and we started to enter. A mine asked us to let her sneak up with two friends, ready three pa ‘tres, and we changed cigars. We all had a gallery and were immediately up on stage. Inside, the vendors tried to pass with the tray full of Free glasses, almost impossible task. It was the second of the Free Concert, the first had been GIT , but nothing compared to the effervescence that filled the then Estadio Chile. The lights went out and at 8:30 pm, Gustavo, Zeta and Charly began to play. Believe me it was amazing. ⁴³

Cerati tells the story from his own point of view:

The case of Chile was very surprising, because we came two or three months before playing for the first time, and what happened at that time was tremendous. Even before Viña del Mar (in February 87), it was like the final explosion. For us it was very interesting because it was the first time we left the country. In Argentina the thing was much more progressive, we played in many places and we lived the scene under. After Chile we were very happy, because we wanted the fame, to sell many records and we thought that we were the best group of the world. At the bottom it is very rare to not be able to leave the hotel and all this madness, one thought that it was living like a movie of The Beatles , and we had fun. ^twenty-one

In Peru the group also achieved a surprising success for a rock band: ⁴⁴

In November 1986 Soda Stereo arrived in Peru for the first time and revolutionized the market. His sales were huge and his (three) performances at the Amauta Coliseum were unforgettable. This time I heard screams, screams, howls and even moans. I saw tears, fainting and countless kisses flown. Collective hysteria I think they call him. It was, indeed, madness only compared to that of the Beatles at Shea Stadium. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

The October as November as 1986 the band released the third album, Signs ( “American Blind,” “Signs,” “Fugitives,” “not exist”). It was a key step, because expectations, pressures, the risk of failure and internal tensions increased with the growing success. In the disc the trio is accompanied by Fabián Vön Quintiero ( keyboards ), Richard Coleman (guitar) and Celsa Mel Gowland (choirs). In addition, “Signos” was the first Argentine rock record to be released on compact disc . It was manufactured in the Netherlands and distributed throughout Latin America. ^{Four. Five}

I wrote all the letters at a stretch. We lived on the stick, it seemed we were far from art and yet it was one of our deepest albums, perhaps because we were not having a good time. (Gustavo Cerati) ⁴⁵

Already inside the Gira Signos , on December 3 they made their first presentation in Ecuador and on January 9 and 10, 1987 in Uruguay ( Punta del Este and Montevideo ).

Days 11 and 12 of February of 1987 Soda Stereo was reintroduced in Chile , this time in the 28th edition of the Viña del Mar International Song Festival , where they won the Silver Torch award and surprised the media by The amount and passion of their fans. The Viña Festival, broadcast on television to many Latin American countries, expanded the fame of the band throughout the continent, which soon became a massive unconditional adhesion that called it ” sodamanía . The presentation at the Viña Festival was followed by an extensive tour of Chile: Puerto Montt (17/2), Valdivia (19/2), Talcahuano (21/2), Chillán (22/2), Temuco (2/23 ), Again in Viña del Mar (28/2) and four more functions in Santiago in two days (1 and 2 March). A total of 150,000 spectators attended. ⁴⁶

Two months later, on April 23 , he broke public records at a rock concert in Paraguay with his presentation at the Yacht Club. Meanwhile , Signos was platinum in Argentina, triple platinum in Peru and double platinum in Chile.

On May 2 they performed at the Highland Road nightclub in San Nicolás, Buenos Aires , when a collapse occurred in which five young people were killed and 100 others injured while playing “American Blind”. ¹⁵ With a very strong emotional load they played in Works on May 8 and 9 to present Signos in Buenos Aires. As an expression of mourning the group did not use the scenery or lighting games they had prepared. ⁴⁶

That same year they embarked on a second tour of the continent with an even greater impact. The group performed in Peru , Bolivia , Ecuador , Chile , Colombia , Venezuela , Costa Rica and Mexico (the first presentation in Mexico was on August 4, 1987, at the Magic Circus in Mexico City ). They performed 22 concerts in 17 cities in front of almost 350 000 people, opening the idea of a “Latin rock”, beyond the nationality of each band, that would fructify in the following decade. With the material recorded in the different points of the trip was realized the live disc Ruido Blanco ( 1987 ), mixed in the island of Barbados and that was considered by the magazine Rolling Stone {Argentina} like 5º between the best albums in Live of Argentine rock. ⁴⁷

When it arrived in 1988 , Soda Stereo was already the most important band of Latin American pop / rock ⁴⁸ and they were ready to record their new album, whose artistic production was in charge of the Puerto Rican Carlos Alomar , who had worked with David Bowie , Mick Jagger , Simple Minds , Iggy Pop and Paul McCartney among others. Double Life (“Picnic in 4th B”, “In the City of Fury”, “What Bleeds (The Dome)”, ” Heart delator”), recorded entirely in New York , became the first disc of a Argentine band recorded entirely outside their country. The disc broadcast cut, ” In the City of Fury, ” was a finalist for the MTV Music Awards in the category of Best Foreign Video, at a time when MTV Latin America was not yet born.

After more than a year without presentations in Buenos Aires, Soda presented the album Doble Vida in the hockey field of Sanitary Works to 25 000 people. To crown a great year, they closed the Three Days for Democracy Festival that took place in Buenos Aires at the junction of Avenida del Libertador and July 9 in front of 150 000 people and with Spinetta , Fito Páez , Los Ratones Paranoicos , Man Ray and others.

With the figure of one million albums sold Soda Stereo began a tour of presentation of the new disc that comprised 30 shows in almost all Argentina before 270 000 spectators during the first days of 1989 , that was followed by a new Latin American tour (the third) Who, among other things, finished massively consecrating the band in Mexico . At the end of 1989 they recorded a new version of “Languis” (a song included in Doble vida ) and a new theme called “Mundo de quimeras”, which were released in the maxi-simple Languis (1989) along with remixed versions of “En The border “and” What bleeds (the dome) “. After the album was released Soda made two presentations with sold out tickets at The Palace of Los Angeles , becoming the second rock band in Spanish to present a show in the United States with tickets sold out on December 8, 1989, just three months after That the also Argentine Miguel Mateos did the same the 7 of September of that year.

The consecration: Animal song (1990-1991)

The album Animal Song , released in 1990 , is considered one of the best of Latin rock of all time. In Argentina , Mexico and Venezuela , the album had a cover with orange background and the images of two artistic elements and a lion in mating with a lioness. In the rest of Latin America , just a blue background.

At the beginning of 1990 the band appeared in the Stage Jose Amalfitani , sharing cartel under equal conditions next to the English pair Tears For Fears in a show before 32 000 people. In this concert they had the presence of David Lebon , former guitarist Rabid Fish and Seru Giran , who accompanied him on guitar on the song “Intensive Therapy love.”

The continental success led the European MTV News to pay attention to what was happening in Latin America with Spanish-language rock, dedicating a special program to the group, done without precedent for a rock group that did not sing in English. ⁴⁹

In June Soda Stereo traveled to the United States to register a new plaque at Criteria Studios in Miami . For this they had the conceptual contribution of Daniel Melero and the participation of Andrea Álvarez and Tweety González (all important musicians of the Argentine rock scene of the moment) as guests.

The result was the album Animal Song (1990), widely considered to be one of the best in Latin American rock history. ¹⁰ There is his best known song: ” Light music “, in addition to other classics of the band as ” Animal song “, ” Fall the sun “, ” A million light years “, “(On) The seventh day” And ” Tea for three .”

The new album meant for the band the access to the Spanish public , that would take shape in May of 1992 with presentations in the cities of Madrid , Oviedo , Seville , Valencia and Barcelona .

The result of the Spanish tour, compared to the fervor they used in Latin America, left a certain bitter taste, although it served as a solid experience valid to balance the very high points in Latin America that involved the danger of leaving them hanging high, away from contact With the terrestrial. Said in a few words: Spain was not a failure at all, but was far from the successes to which the Soda were so accustomed in Latin America, and that was good. ⁴⁹

The Animal Tour (1990-1991) was a marathon tour and never repeated by any artist. In Argentina it included thirty cities, including places where he had never filed a band the size of Soda Stereo ( San Juan : Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz , Junín , Clorinda , Puerto Iguazu , Corrientes , Posadas , Chascomús , Mar del Plata , Comodoro Rivadavia , Trelew , Neuquén , Santa Rosa , Trenque Lauquen , Mendoza , Córdoba , Río Cuarto , Santiago del Estero , San Miguel de Tucumán , Salta , Rosario , Buenos Aires, Olavarría , Pergamino ). Internationally: Santiago de Chile, Asuncion of Paraguay , Punta del Este , Bogotá , Medellín , Cali , Barranquilla , Barquisimeto , Caracas , Valencia , Merida , San Cristóbal , Mexico City , Monterrey , Guadalajara , Mexicali and Tijuana . The Animal Tour closed with fourteen performances at the Gran Rex Theater in Buenos Aires , with a capacity for 3,300 people, then a remarkable record. ⁵⁰ In each place the same show infrastructure was respected, which for that moment was unpublished for a local artist. ⁵¹

Shows at the Grand Rex the EP came Rex Mix (1991) that included live versions recorded in the last of those recitals, on the night of 9 of July of 1991 , and versions remixed with the new theme “No need to see ( to know)”.

The 14 of December of 1991 came the historical recital of Avenida 9 de Julio , in Buenos Aires. Soda Stereo surprised and was surprised to gather more than two hundred and fifty thousand people to listen to the band in the framework of the cycle of free recitals made by the Municipality of Buenos Aires called Mi Buenos Aires Querido II , which was also televised live. People danced each song crazy and the musicians were captured by a feeling of having reached the maximum, that there was nothing left to conquer. “That 9th of July was a very strong energy,” Bosio often recalls, “and thank God it happened in our city. I think it was a sum of factors that led us to feel that there was nothing left to conquer … » ⁵²

After this fury came a period of dispersal. Cerati explained at the time:

It is very difficult to find clear objectives after such reception. Standing before so many people who chant your name is a very strong experience. Now we have to start again from below. ³⁵

At the same time Cerati began, in parallel with his work with Soda, the production of an album together with Daniel Melero, Colores Santos , which had contributions from guest musicians such as Flavio Etcheto and Carola Bony .

The experimentation: Dynamo (1992-1994)

From this moment Soda’s members became aware that they were in the center of the scene, so they decided to give way to musical experimentation and openly push what would be known as the “sonic move.” At the end of 1992 Soda Stereo released their sixth album, Dynamo , presented with six recitals performed at Estadio Obras at the end of that year. Each show had a different band as guests and so were support Babasónicos , Juana La Loca , Tuesday Mint and Aunt Newton . The “sonic move”, which would also form part of Tasmania’s Demons and The Wizards , for example, would then be referred to the so-called “New Argentine Rock”, with Massacre , Attaque 77 and El Otro Yo . ⁵³

Then comes Dynamo (1992) which consisted of taking Animal Song and destroy it. It’s as if Animal Song had gotten him into the water. And, at the sound level, we wanted to produce that, the songs had more to do with something hypnotic. The idea was to remix it, mix it with something more dance and include something more trance in our music. I know that those who adopted that record want it and I feel the same way. (Gustavo Cerati) ²¹

Dynamo did not sell as expected, largely because the group decided to change record company immediately after recording. Sony then had no intention of supporting an emigrating group and BMG could not promote a product from another company.

In November 1992 the Soda were the protagonists of an unprecedented event in Argentina: the transmission of TV in stereo . The three musicians plus Tweety González ( keyboards ) and Flavio Etcheto (trumpet) played most of the album in the program Fax in Concert , led by Nicolás Repetto for El Trece de Buenos Aires. With impeccable lighting and sound Cerati sang on previously recorded tracks of the songs and reinforced live guitars, bass and drums. ⁵⁴

In January of 1993 they undertook their sixth Latin American tour, visiting Mexico, Chile, Paraguay and Venezuela. Right in the middle of the tour, the Dynamo Tour, the trio took a long break that made the rumors of separation of the band grow. There had been talk of dates in the United States, Spain and other countries for this tour, but several factors at the end of 1993 and in 1994 forced the group to take that “rest” of being Soda Stereo.

1994 was Soda’s worst year. On July 4, in an absurd traffic accident, Tobias, the small son of Zeta, died, a fact that would affect him deeply, personally and professionally. By unanimous decision they took distance from the myth and evaluated the possibility of separating definitively. Gustavo faced his first entirely solo project: Amor Amarillo (although Gustavo said he did not intend to pursue a solo career); Zeta was dedicated to the production of other bands ( Hazardous Gorriones , Aguirre ) and Charly disappeared of the musical atmosphere to dedicate itself to personal projects. At the end of the year, Zona de Promesas was released , a compilation of remixes of classic songs of the band and the inclusion of an unpublished song that gave title to the album.

Stereo dream (1995-1996)

In 1995 they released Sueño Stereo , the last of their 7 studio albums. In this album the speaker was used as a powerful symbol : the top has three loudspeakers (the largest medium), assimilated to eggs surrounded by sperm-microphones. The speaker as a symbol reappears in the video of the first cut, She used my head like a revolver , with twin men-speaker omnipresent and in a kind of wall-skin of beating loudspeakers. ⁵⁵

In 1995 , after three years of record silence, the trio returned with Sueño Stereo , their seventh and last studio album. Launched on June 29 , it quickly became platinum with the success of the theme ” Zoom ” and the video clip of the song ” She used my head like a revolver “, chosen by MTV as Video de la Gente (Latin) in 1996 , maximum continental recognition of Latin American rock before were established MTV Latin America Awards in 2002 . They obtained in 1995 the Prize Konex of Platino by its trajectory in that last decade like the best rock band of Argentina.

Stereo Dream needed two and a half years to conceive. It would be illogical to say that this album is the masterpiece of Soda Stereo, but it was the real thing of the group at that time, because we were stripped of the need to have a group future, or to be the best for another ten years. We had already gone through many things and the group felt itself to be classic. On the other hand we were very proud of what had promoted Dynamo and its subsequent reading. So Stereo Dream had the pressure of not pushing us. The group was a project that had to give something important, could not be a disquito. Also, it was to meet again after a while and let the music flow, without thinking too much that we had to take a step or something. In the end, Sueño Stereo is one of the most innovative discs in our career, without having proposed it. For its sound combination, for its lyrics, for its sonority. (Gustavo Cerati) ⁵⁶

The album was the focus of the extensive Sueño Stereo Tour , which began on September 8 at the Gran Rex Theater in Buenos Aires , touring Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Panama, Mexico and the United States (Los Angeles, Chicago, New York and Miami) , And closing it the 24 of April of 1996 in the Theater Teletón of Santiago of Chile . They performed a free recital for the celebration of the 113th anniversary of the city of La Plata (capital of the province of Buenos Aires) before 367,294 people, with Julio and Marcelo Moura (former Virus ) as guests.

We looked for ways to reassemble, because we were out of the training and the vertigo we had … I think that it happened to us like those couples who had a great passion and then there is only sex. ⁵⁷

Cerati on the radio show What is it? , By Mario Pergolini in Rock & Pop . From there Soda Stereo realized the first concert of a Latin American band by Internet the 30 of October of 1996 .

In mid- 1996 they were invited by the MTV network for their famous “unplugged” sessions in Miami . After rejecting the invitation several times, Soda Stereo got the string to accept their proposal to play with their electric instruments “plugged in”, but re-orchestrating and modifying the classic versions to make them slower and musically more complex, adding the female voice of Andrea Echeverri de Aterciopelados in a remarkable interpretation of ” In the city of the fury “. In addition to this the songs that were developed were: A missile in my wardrobe, Between Cannibals, Steps, Zoom, When the tremor passes, Tea for three, Electric Angel, Intensive Love Therapy, Eternal Disk, She used my head like a revolver , Walking around Rome and Genesis. This presentation was partially recorded on the Comfort and Music Para Volar ( 1996 ) plate and completely on a new version of the album released in 2007. The album also included four new tracks that were left out of ” Stereo Dream and an interactive track With cartoons and video footage of the MTV presentation.

On October 30, Soda Stereo was the first Latin American band to perform a concert to be transmitted on the Internet, in the program ¿ Qué es? , Conducted by Mario Pergolini on Argentine radio Rock & Pop, from the auditorium of the musical instrument store Promúsica in Buenos Aires. ⁵⁸

The end (1997)

A long silence preceded the final farewell, except for the participation of the band in the album Tributo a Queen: Los Grandes del Rock en Español that would be released in October of 1997, for which they record ” Algún Día “, cover in Spanish of the subject ” Some day, one day ” of Queen , published in their respective album Queen II in 1974. The 1 of maypole of 1997 Soda Stereo officially announced their separation through a press release. The next day all the newspapers echoed the news and the newspaper Clarín dedicated a large space on its cover for it. Gustavo published the following day in the supplement “Yes” (juvenile) of the newspaper Clarin what would be “The letter of goodbye”:

These lines arise from what I have perceived these days in the street, the fans that approach me, the people around me, and my own personal experience. I share the sadness that generates in many the news of our separation. I myself am submerged in that state because few things have been so important in my life as Soda Stereo. Anyone knows that it is impossible to lead a band without some level of conflict. It is a fragile balance in the struggle of ideas that very few manage to maintain for fifteen years, as we proudly did. But, lately, different personal and musical misunderstandings began to compromise that balance. There, too, excuses are generated not to confront us, excuses finally for a group future in which we no longer believed as we did in the past. To cut for the healthy is, worth the redundancy, to make use of our mental health above all and also the respect for all our fans who followed us for so long. A hug. ⁵⁹

They ended up with a concert on September 20 at the River Plate stadium , which ended with the epic and emotional performance of the song ” De música ligera “. Without even having finished playing and extending the end of the song, an excited Gustavo Cerati almost to tears, he dedicated his remembered little speech, immortalizing this moment as one of the most exciting in the history of Latin American music:

Not only would not we have been nothing without you, but with all the people who were around us from the beginning; Some continue to this day. Total thanks! ⁶⁰

Finished this, the three very excited musicians take their leave.

The band faced their last tour, which was very brief and emotional. They passed through Chile, Mexico and Venezuela. During the Last Concert on September 20, 1997 at River Plate Stadium, the live concert was recorded, which was released on two separate CDs under the name of The Last Concert “A” and “B”. Years later, in 2005, the expected DVD of the historical concert Soda Stereo: The last concert was published .

Post-Soda

In spite of the constant rumors of reunion, which ironically began shortly after the separation, there was little news about Soda, except for a special for TV of The last concert produced by HBO and a documentary called Soda Stereo: La Leyenda , Produced by MTV . Finally in 2002 he returned to see the trio reunited in the MTV Latin America awards to receive the Legend prize for his musical trajectory.

Seven years after the separation, it was very rare that there were no official releases, so at the end of 2003 it was announced that Sony Music would release the first DVD of Soda Stereo and that it would contain a lot of unpublished material provided by Gustavo, Zeta and Charly , In addition to people very close to the band. It was clear from the beginning that the production would be by Sony and the production company Cuatro Cabezas (with Mario Pergolini in front).

The result was released in November 2004 and was titled Soda Stereo: A Part of Euphoria (1983-1997). A documentary that summarized the history of the band through scenes of concerts, backstage, interviews, rehearsals, sound tests, presentations on TV, etc. However, this DVD only contained the story of Soda on Sony / CBS , excluding the stage in BMG , corresponding to Sueño Stereo and Comfort and Music Para Volar (from 1994 to 1996), which made it an incomplete document.

The 20 of September of 2005 was published in Argentina a DVD of the final concert to give Soda Stereo exactly eight years earlier at the Stadium of River Plate , with the title of The Last Concert (Live) . The DVD, unlike the special that produced HBO, was centered in the concert of Buenos Aires in audio 5.1 and included two subjects that had been previously outside: “Game of seduction” and “Overdose of TV”. In addition, it included a multi-camera option for a “Spring 0” rehearsal session and a 25-minute documentary of the farewell tour with images of concerts and sound tests from Mexico, Venezuela, and Argentina. Also included was an interview with the disappeared “quarto Soda” Alfredo Lois , author of this work, one of the last to do before dying.

You Will See Me Back (2007)

Main article: Me Verás Volver 2007

«You will see me Back» . Entrance to the recital in Bogotá (Colombia). Soda Stereo summoned one million people on their return.

The reunification of Soda Stereo was the subject forced in any interview with its members after the separation. So much that Zeta Bosio once declared:

One day I dreamed that they did not ask me more about Soda’s return! ⁶¹

In 2007, when 10 years after their separation, the band decided to meet once for the purpose of a great continental tour. The 6 of June of 2007 the news broke and 9 was made official: Soda Stereo return to the stage by a unique American tour called I’ll see Back (emblematic phrase of the group taken from the final verse of the song ” In the city Fury “). The tour began October 19 at the Monumental Stadium of River Plate in the city of Buenos Aires and originally contemplated the performance of 2 recitals in Buenos Aires, followed by presentations in several American countries. However, from the moment the tickets were put up, it became evident that the original program would be completely overflowed and that it was facing a gigantic cultural event of continental scope. A third presentation was immediately scheduled in Buenos Aires.

“I saw back” Soda first concert in the National Stadium of Chile , the 24 of October of 2007 .

Subsequently added 2 more dates in Buenos Aires, and then added a date of apparent closure for December 15 in the City of Cordoba, although in the presentation of Buenos Aires on November 3 the group announced the closure of the tour Scheduled in the same city by December 21; So that the recitals planned in River were finally doubled, and the programmed in other parts, including new cities to program presentations in Chile (2), Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Panama (1), Mexico (4), United States ( 3), Peru (2), in a total of 13 cities.

In early July Sony-BMG released a new album called Me Verás Volver (Hits & +) , a CD with 18 reissues of studio songs which were remastered in 2007. The disc does not contain new songs but includes a code to access To exclusive content on their website, including recordings of the songs performed on the tour. The album reached the first position in sales in Argentina and Chile. ⁶²

On September 20 , at exactly ten years after their last concert, Soda Stereo made his long- awaited press conference at the club Club Museum, housed in a historic building in San Telmo neighborhood designed by Gustave Eiffel in which years before had filmed the Video « In the city of fury ». ⁶³⁶⁴ The surprise was that at the beginning they offered a mini-recital of two songs, which meant their formal return to the stage. The chosen subjects were ” Overdose of TV ” and ” In the city of the fury “, that were enjoyed in their original versions. The themes were interpreted only by them three and their instruments. In that conference clarified that from 2008 they plan to return to their respective individual activities. To a journalist’s question about what would be the equivalent in 2007 of the “total graces” with which they closed the 1997 recital, Cerati replied:

Logo of the Tour You’ll See Me Back (2007)

I have no idea what I’m going to say now: over there is a ” total waves “, a tsunami . ⁶³

In October 2007 Sony - BMG launched Comfort and Music to Fly on its DVD version . The difference that has said DVD with respect to the CD published in 1996 is that it includes the complete unplugged.

In the face of the continental commotion (called “el temblor”) that produced the return of Soda Stereo, producers of all origins, including those in charge of the Festival of Viña del Mar , began the contacts to contract new concerts of the group. In all cases they met with a strict phrase of Gustavo Cerati:

The union is a bubble in time. ⁶⁵

October 27, 2007. Alberto Spencer Model Stadium in Guayaquil (Ecuador). The public awaits the return of Soda Stereo.

Finally on October 19 came the expected return of Soda Stereo at the Stadium of River Plate. In the opportunity a huge poster contained a phrase composed with titles of his songs:

When the shaking stops in the city of fury sounds of light music and we are escapees behind the American blind . ⁶⁶

Tweety González (keyboards), as well as with Leandro Fresco (keyboards, percussion and choirs) and Leo García (guitar and vocals) were presented along with one of the main “soda rooms” in their history . The recital lasted more than three hours and played 28 songs , opening with the reproduction of an excerpt from “Algún Día ” (the song they recorded 10 years before for the album Tribute to Queen ) while showing images of the musical history of Soda Stereo , Until the appearance of Gustavo, Zeta and Charly on the stage to start playing “Game of seduction” and closing with ” Nothing Personal ” and ” You need vitamins “, three of their earliest songs, a set-list that they kept In all recitals of the tour.

After three recitals in Buenos Aires (October 19, 20 and 21) Soda performed in Santiago de Chile (October 24 and 31), with an intermediate presentation in Guayaquil (October 27) with Daniel Sais on the theme « fugitives “, returning to perform two concerts in Buenos Aires (2 and 3 November) and then travel to Mexico where they acted in Monterrey (November 9), Zapopan (November 12), the DF (15 and 16 November) , Los Angeles (November 21), Bogota (November 24), Panama (November 27), Caracas (November 29), Miami (December 4 and 5), Lima (December 8 and 9) and Cordoba , Argentina ( December 15); In all cases with tickets sold out except in Los Angeles. ⁶⁷ In total the return of Soda Stereo will have convened a million people. ¹⁶

Among the dialogues that Gustavo Cerati maintained on behalf of the band with the followers during the recitals were the moments in which he thanked the applause with a “thank you” and the people answered “total!”, ⁶⁸ as well as when he sang “A million Of light years “(” do not return without reason “) and said:

We have a great reason to return: you! ⁶⁹

The 21 of December of 2007 the last concert was held at the Stadium River in the city of Buenos Aires, including three themes that were not in the rest of the tour: “If it were not for …”, “Love Therapy Intensive “and” What bleeds (The dome) “. The band and the three invited musicians who made the tour included Andrea Álvarez (Picnic in 4th B), Richard Coleman (“Do not exist”), Fabian “Zorrito Vön” Quintiero (“Broken dance” and ” , And Carlos Alomar (“The bleeding dome” and “Intensive love therapy”) and Gillespi (“Signos” and “It was”). Cerati returned to pronounce his famous expression, “total graces,” after playing the theme “Of light music” and broke the guitar after finishing the final single in “You usually leave me alone”. ⁷⁰

Critics have been coincident in highlighting the high level of rehearsals and the good ensemble of the band, as well as an atmosphere of understanding among the musicians, something that also emphasized Gustavo Cerati from the stage, at the same time he has been dismissed with a « For ten years. ” ⁷¹

In August 2008 the Sony BMG label released the DVD of the “Me Verás Volver” tour, which contains the songs performed by the band at the concerts as well as the testimonies of Gustavo Cerati, Charly Alberti and Zeta Bosio and the special guests. ⁷² In addition, on July 18, 2008, a double CD with the same songs was released and marketed separately. In March 2010, Zeta Bosio said in an interview that Soda Stereo had planned to return to the stage with a new studio album. However, Gustavo Cerati suffered a LCA from which unfortunately he failed to recover. After four years of remaining in a coma, he finally died on September 4, 2014, truncating forever the idea of reuniting the group.

Musical style

Influences

Soda Stereo was a particularly exploring band of new sounds, especially inspired by the creative eagerness of Gustavo Cerati ; And always looked for that none of their discs sounded like the previous one. One of its main and clearest influences during the whole musical career of the group, was the one that received permanently of the new wave . Among the artists who influenced Soda during his career are The Smiths , Fine Young Cannibals and the solo works of George Harrison , Paul McCartney and John Lennon ; The Police , New Order , The Cure , Depeche Mode , Television , Echo & The Bunnymen , Talking Heads , Elvis Costello , David Bowie , Deep Purple , Virus , XTC , The Specials , Squeeze , Pink Floyd , Queen (as seen on Song tribute ” Someday “), My Bloody Valentine and Cocteau Twins . ⁷³⁷⁴ With respect to each separately, some of the greatest idols of Gustavo were Sting (lead singer of The Police ) and Luis Alberto Spinetta ; Zeta learned to play the bass by watching his idol Paul McCartney; And Charly learned a lot from his father Tito Alberti and admired Stewart Copeland , drummer for The Police.

80

At its beginning, they had a rather pop and festive New Wave sound , which is heard in their first homonymous work Soda Stereo , tributary of bands like The Police and The Specials . With the passage of time, the new wave sound was maturing and was no longer so festive; In addition, influenced by groups like The Cure and Television , they added the crude post-punk sound . That’s how Nothing Personal and Signos had pop hits (” Seduction Game “, “American Blind “, ” The Rite “) with darker songs (” You Do not Exist “, “Echo”, ” Final Black Box ” .

Towards the end of the decade, the group decided to change course. For this, Gustavo Cerati hired the experienced musician Carlos Alomar (among others, for many years guitarist David Bowie ) as a music producer and went to live in New York for more than a month to work on his fourth album Doble Vida . Thanks to this, they added to the new wave sound, influences of American music, especially funk and soul , along with a more pop sound. Although there were exceptions, such as the alternative sound of ” In the city of fury .”

90

The change of decade, also marked a before and after in the musical style of the band. They left behind the new wave and post-punk sound and adopted a style much more based on the protagonism of the guitar. That was how in 1990 saw the light Animal Song , which would also become his most successful album. And to the surprise of many, the most radical change was yet to come.

In 1992 and after culminating the extensive and successful Animal Tour , they returned to the recording studio. Influenced by the nascent alternative movement in England , the band decides to forget about the massive, radio and pop sounds to give a complete spin on their music, launching that same year Dynamo , with a powerful and dark sound of shoegazing and alternative rock . ⁷⁵ In addition, they include some experimental creations .

In 1995 and after almost separating, they decided to return to their origins with what would be their last studio album, Dream Stereo . While they maintained a predominant alternative sound, they made it more melodic and smoother. In addition, there was a notable influence of electronic music . This resulted in a resounding success of the album, especially hits such as the alternative ” She used my head like a revolver ” and the cheerful and pop ” Zoom “. Also the band took the time to experiment, especially with the last three songs of the album.

The way the band wanted to follow if they had been together is a mystery, although it seemed to be oriented to electronic music, as Gustavo Cerati would show in 1999 with his album Bocanada , the first after the break of the group.

Legacy

Soda Stereo has been considered as one of the pioneering bands of Ibero-American rock . ⁷⁶⁶²⁷⁷⁸ It was the first band to leave decidedly the local limits of their country of origin and to consider Latin America as a cultural space unified by the language. ⁷⁸⁷⁹ The result was a popularity and a generalized identification of Latin youth, above countries, which was already a fact for Anglo-Saxon rock, but it was not for Latin rock, Spanish rock and Ibero-American rock, Different variants of the same cultural-musical phenomenon. ⁷⁸⁷⁹

Soda Stereo paved the way for the massiveness of Latin rock by finding a way to break the “rock vs pop” dilemma that traditionally tore Latin American popular music, the first one supported by the middle and well-to-do social sectors with strong influences of Anglo-Saxon rock and the second Implanted in the broad popular sectors and of workers linked to the “Latin” and “danceable” rhythms; Both of them despising each other. ⁸⁰ Gustavo Cerati referred to this dilemma in 1996 when he stated:

We are a pop group with a strong and absorbed rock culture. ⁸¹

Soda Stereo meant the beginning of an internationalization that incorporated the local musicians into a great continental rock current, to the point of leading local analysts to wonder if “does it make sense to keep talking about national rock?” ⁴² In many parts of Latin America, such as Colombia , Soda Stereo expressed the musicality and the posture of a new generation, who sought to differentiate themselves from the “eighties” that they enjoyed in the Dominican merengue, to begin listening and singing rock in Spanish. ⁸²⁸⁰ In Chile , Soda not only marked a whole generation with its “look”, his lyrics and his music , ⁸³ but the intense emotional relationship established between the band and their followers was a determining factor for “de - nationalize” the group and To make it an expression, not only of the youth of a given country, but of youth as a uniform social sector with common problems and languages, something that rock and roll had not been able to achieve until that moment in the Spanish speaking countries due to The language barrier. ⁴²⁸⁴

We left Argentina and started going to Chile, to Peru, we started to climb and in some countries it happened that we came and we had never been a rock band. They told us that here was a thing of the other world and it was not going to work … Now it is a joy to see that it works and that it has its own strength. ⁸⁵

Of course, the musical-cultural phenomenon that Soda Stereo expressed in Latin America exceeds the band itself and is inserted in the deep reasons related to youth identity, which have made rock and roll a global cultural movement, as well as in the conditions Sociocultural aspects of Latin American youth from the 1980s (out of dictatorships , globalization , postmodernism , information society , exacerbation of social inequalities ). When Soda Stereo carried out the continental explosion of Latin rock, each Latin American country was a breeding ground formed by a “movement of new bands”, as it was called in Venezuela . ⁸⁵

The decisive influence of Soda Stereo on Latin rock music of the 90’s and the first of the 21st century has been reflected in the opinion of the most outstanding musicians of the continent:

All my life I have been a fan of Cerati when he was part of Soda Stereo and before I met him I had already gone to three of his concerts. Both Gustavo and Santana have enriched me, they are my small miracles. ( Shakira ) ⁸⁶

Soda Stereo is one of the most emblematic bands in Latin America. ( Gustavo Santaolalla ) ⁸⁷

‘The’ tremor ‘was the first song I heard from them, it was the one that sounded in Colombia first. I love it (get together). Why not, if they are alive? They are a total legend. They have marked a very important story for all Latin American youth and to see them together again, it’s going to be a great, great event. ( Juanes ) ⁸⁸

Soda Stereo is a wonderful group. I’m so glad (for the new tour). It is one of the best Latin rock bands. ( Juan Luis Guerra ) ⁸⁸

Records, achievements and data

First Latin American artist to use the compact disc format (CD) with the album Signos . ⁸⁹
First Latin American group to have a transmission by TV with stereo sound , during the presentation of his disc Dynamo in the program Fax , in year 1992. ^{[ citation needed ]}
First rock group in Spanish to perform in the United States as the only group of the event. ⁸⁹
More dates followed in the Theater Great Rex of Buenos Aires; 14 presentations during the Animal Tour of 1991. ⁹⁰ In 1993 the mark would be surpassed by Sandro with 40 presentations. ⁹¹ In 2004 the record was surpassed by the Argentine pop band Bandana , with a total of 180 presentations (+590 000 spectators).
First band in Spanish to realize a tour by Latin America. In the past, rock bands in Spanish rarely left their country of origin and if they did not get much success. Soda Stereo was the first group to exploit the idea of expansion throughout the region. ^{[ Citation needed ]}
First Ibero-American band to include an interactive track in their record material. In this case with his album of the Unplugged of MTV , Comfort and Music Para Volar , of the year 1996. ^{[ citation needed ]}
First Ibero-American band to transmit a concert via internet (1996), in the Argentine radio program What is it? Of Rock & Pop . ⁵⁸
In his tour Me Verás Volver 2007 reached the record of performing six recitals in the Monumental Stadium of River Plate in the same tour, surpassing the previous mark of five, that only had reached the Rolling Stones and that later would be surpassed by Roger Waters in the 2012, with nine recitals.
Before the Tour You’ll See Me Back, Robbie Williams held the record for most tickets sold in Argentina in less time (he sold out a River Plate stadium in five days), but the record was surpassed by Soda Stereo in 2007 by selling two River Plate stadiums in Less than 24 hours.
In Peru, the “SOLD OUT” was achieved in just 5 days of selling tickets, opening a new presentation in Lima on December 9, 2007. The rock group gathered 100,000 souls in both dates That were presented, being thus the most paid concert in the country. ⁹²
During the tour Me verás volver 2007 were present in Ecuador 55 000 spectators in the stage Model Alberto Spencer in Guayaquil. The biggest concert ever in the history of Ecuador.
In Chile, it is the international band that more people have taken to the National Stadium of Chile , surpassed only by Los Prisioneros , who hold that record with their two presentations in 2001. ⁹³
Record of attendance to a paid concert in Venezuela when gathering more 65 000 fanatics in the Hippodrome of the Rinconada in Caracas , in 2007, during the tour Me Verás Volver. ⁹⁴
One of the biggest attendances to a paid concert in Colombia when gathering 70 000 people in the Simón Bolívar Park of Bogota , in 2007, during the tour Me Verás Volver, although the record of attendance in Colombia has it Metallica .. ⁹⁵
Record of attendance to a paid concert in the National Stadium of Panama , Panama , with 22,000 spectators, on November 27, 2007. ⁹⁵
Record of attendance to a concert paid in Stadium Chateau Carreras of Cordova , with 65,000 spectators, the 15 of December of 2007. With this fact it snatched to the band Patricio Rey and its Redonditos de Ricota the record that had obtained years back in that stadium Cordobes. ⁹⁶
The year 2007 was a year dreamed for the world of the Rock in Spanish , since they returned two legendary bands that had separated in previous years Soda Stereo and Heroes of the Silence .

Members

Gustavo Cerati - voice , guitars , samplers , synthesizers , rhodes piano , percussion , rhythm boxes Roland 707 and MPC60, bass without frets (1982 - 1997) (2007, during the tour)
Zeta Bosio - bass , vocals , samplers , synthesizers , percussion , Chapman Stick , bass , harmonica , guitar (1982 - 1997) (2007 during the tour)
Charly Alberti - drums , percussion (1982 - 1997) (2007, during the tour)

«The fourth Soda»

It is customary, both among fans and in the specialized press, to refer to the “Soda Room” to qualify certain people who have been very important in the work of Soda Stereo. Both the keyboardist Tweety González ⁹⁷ and the late Alfredo Lois , ^{98 in} charge of the image and the videos, have stood out among the collaborators and received repeatedly the motto of “the fourth Soda” . But other musicians have received the recognition of “quarto Soda” as Daniel Melero , Fabian “Vön” Quintiero , Richard Coleman and Daniel Sais .

Exceptionally, there is talk of fifth and sixth Soda, to refer to the other main accompanying musicians. Rolling Stone magazine has featured as a “fifth Soda” the saxophonists Gonzo Palacios and Marcelo Sánchez , percussionist Andrea Álvarez as well as Axel Krygier , Alejandro Terán and Flavio Etcheto . ³³

Collaborating musicians

Soda Stereo adopted a method of hiring “guest musicians” to complete the band both when recording records and performing live performances. The following is the list of those musicians chronologically ordered.

Musician	Instrument	Participation in	Year
Daniel Melero	Keyboards keyboards Sampler and Synthesizer	Soda Stereo (A) Animal Song (A) Dynamo (A)	1984 1990 1992
Gonzalo Palacios (Gonzo)	Saxo	Soda Stereo (A) Nothing personal (A) Vélez Sarsfield (C)	1984 1985 1990
Fabián «Vön» Quintiero	Keyboards	Nothing Personal (A) Signos (A) Estadio Nacional Chile (C) The Last Concert (C) You Will See Me Back (G)	1985 1986 1997 2007
Richard Coleman	Guitar	Signs (A) The Last Concert (C) You Will See Me Back (G)	1986 1997 2007
Juan «Chicken» Raffo	Orchestral Arrangements and Keyboard Winds	Signs (A)	1986
Pablo Rodríguez (saxophonist)	Trumpet	Signs (A)	1986
Sebastian Schon	Trumpet	Signs (A)	1986
Celsa Mel Gowland	Choirs	Signs (A)	1986
Sandra Baylac	Choirs	Sanitary Works (C)	1987
Daniel Sais	Keyboards	White Noise (A) Double Life (A) Languis (A)	1987 1988 1989
Lenny Picket	Saxophone	Double Life (A)	1988
Chris Botti	Trumpet	Double Life (A)	1988
Carlos Alomar	Guitar and voice	Double Life (A) You Will See Me Back (G)	1988 2007
Marcelo Sánchez	Saxo	Double Life (A)	1988
Tweety Gonzalez	Keyboards	North America and Central (C) Velez Sarsfield (C) Animal Song (A) Dynamo (A) Comfort and Music To Fly (C & A) The Last Concert (C) I’ll see Back (G)	1989 1990 1990 1992 1996 1997 2007
Pedro Aznar	Coral Arrangements	Animal Song (A)	1990
Andrea Álvarez	Percussion	Vélez Sarsfield (C) Animal Song (A) The Last Concert (C) You Will See Me Back (G)	1990 1990 1997 2007
Flavio Etcheto	Trumpet	Dynamo (A) Stereo Dream (A)	1992 1995
Sanjay Bhadoriya	Table and padanthvoice	Dynamo (A)	1992
E. Blacher	Lambura	Dynamo (A)	1992
Roberto Kuczer	Zither	Dynamo (A)	1992
Janos Morel	1st violin	Stereo Dream (A)	nineteen ninety five
Mauricio Alvez	2nd violin	Stereo Dream (A)	nineteen ninety five
Pablo Flumetti	Cello	Stereo Dream (A)	nineteen ninety five
Roy Málaga	Piano rhodes	Stereo Dream (themes 2 & 4) (A)	nineteen ninety five
Alejandro Terán	Viola	Dream Stereo (A) The Last Concert (C)	nineteen ninety five
Diego Fainguersch	Cello	Comfort and Music to Fly (C & A)	nineteen ninety six
Pedro Fainguersch	Viola	Comfort and Music to Fly (C & A)	nineteen ninety six
Ezequiel fainguersch	Bassoon	Comfort and Music to Fly (C & A)	nineteen ninety six
Andrea Echeverri	Singing	Comfort and Music to Fly (C & A) (« In the City of Fury »)	nineteen ninety six
Axel Krygier	Various	The Last Concert (C)	1997
Leandro Fresco	Keyboards, percussion and choirs	You will see me back (G)	2007
Leo García	Guitar and voice	You will see me back (G)	2007
(A): Album; (C): Concert; (G): Turns

Discography

Main articles: Annex: Discography of Soda Stereo , Annex: Songs of Soda Stereo and Annex: Videography of Soda Stereo .

1984: Soda Stereo
1985: Nothing Personal
1986: Signs
1988: Double life
1990: Animal song
1992: Dynamo
1995: Stereo Dream

Musical tours

#	Tour Title	Promoted Album	Years of duration
1.	Turn Under	N / A	1983 - 1984
2.	Turn 84′-85 ‘	soda Stereo	1984 - 1985
3.	Turn Nothing Personal	Nothing personal	1985 - 1986
Four.	Tour Signs	White Noise Signs	1986 - 1988
5.	Double Life Tour	Double life	1988 - 1990
6.	Languis tour	Languis	1989 - 1990
7.	Animal Tour	Animal Song Rex Mix	1990 - 1992
8.	Dynamo Tour	Dynamo	1992 - 1993
9.	Stereo Tour	Stereo Dream	1995 - 1996
10.	Comfort Tour and Music to Fly	Comfort and Music to Fly	nineteen ninety six
eleven.	The Last Concert Tour	The last concert	1997
12.	Tour You Will See Me Back	Tour You Will See Me Back	2007

Videography

VHS

VHS	Release date
Nothing personal in Works	1986
White noise	1987
Animal Song	1992

DVD

DVD	Release date
A Part Of The Euphoria	November 16, 2004
The last concert	September 20, 2005
Comfort and Music to Fly	October 6, 2007
Tour You Will See Me Back	October 6, 2008

Videoclips

Year	Videoclip	Direction and recording
1984	Dietary	Dir: Alfredo Lois . Video demo
1984	You need vitamins	Dir: Alfredo Lois. Recorded in Total Music
1986	When the tremor passes	Dir: Alfredo Lois
1988	In the city of fury	Dir: Alfredo Lois
1990	Light music	Dir: Alfredo Lois
1991	Tea for three	Dir: Ralph Rothschild. ⁹⁹ Recorded in a pilot program that did not aired.
1991	Sun falls	Dir: Lorenzo / Guebel. Recorded live at the Gran Rex Theater
1992	I do not need to see you (To find out)	Dir: Eduardo Capilla
1992	Spring 0	Dir: Boy Olmi
nineteen ninety five	She used my head like a revolver	Dir: Stanley
nineteen ninety five	Zoom	Dir: Eduardo Capilla / Galperín
1997	Light music	Dir: Alfredo Lois. ¹⁰⁰ Recorded live at the Estadio de River Plate and the National Stadium of Chile during the Last Concert
2008	Escapees	Dir: Luis Santos. Recorded live during the Tour you will see me back (19/10/2007)
2008	American blinds	Dir: Luis Santos. Recorded live during the Tour you will see me back (03/11/2007)

Long Duration

Year	Video	Direction and recording
1985	Theater Astros	Recorded live in Buenos Aires at the Teatro Astros (11 tracks)
1987	Signs in Peru	Recorded live in Peru at the Amauta Coliseum
1992	Making Dynamo	Dir: Boy Olmi

Notes and references

↑ Jump to:^a^b^c^d^e^f « Albums by Soda Stereo - Rate Your Music
Back to top↑ [1]
Back to top↑ [2]
Back to top↑ http://www.rock.com.ar/artists/soda-stereo
Back to top↑ http://www.ecosdelvinilo.com/2012/07/soda-stereo-mojate-los-labios-y-suena_29.html
Back to top↑ [3]
Back to top↑ [4]
↑ Jump to:^a^b Infobae. «The return of the mythical band Soda Stereo, with day and time» . Infobae , June 9, 2007 . Accessed December 12, 2007 .
Back to top↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uc_Jb-NeHYM The true story of Soda Stereo, True Stories, Channel E!
↑ Jump to:^a^b J. L. Mercado. «The 250: Essential Albums of All Time Latin Alternative - Latin American Rock» . AlBorde Magazine . Accessed October 22, 2009 .
Back to top↑ Top 10 Latin rock albums according to Rolling Stone
Back to top↑ Musical Satellite. «Top 20 of Latin rock» . Musical Satellite . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Rock.com.ar. “The 100 of the 40” . Rock.com.ar . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Indyrock. «Gustavo Cerati» . Indyrock . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c The Voice of the Interior. Fernet con Soda . Diario La Voz del Interior , December 9, 2007 . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Sandra Commisso. Soda Stereo: you’ll see them coming back . Diario Clarín , October 19, 2007 . Accessed December 12, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Capital. «The beginning and the first end» . The Capital . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Then member of the band Los Auténticos Decadentes .
Back to top↑ Animal Image. «Biography of Zeta Bosio» . Animal Image. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Interview
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c^d Subte. «Interview with Gustavo Cerati» . Subte Magazine. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱ Director: Lernoud, Pipo (1996). 30 years National Rock. From A to Z . Buenos Aires: Bite, p. 206. ISBN 987-96104-0-7 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b García, Fernando (1998). “Tito Alberti: the other drummer .” Buenos Aires: Diario Clarín , April 18, 1998 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Specials ‘ song “Stereotype” canbe found on the album «More Specials» (1980).
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c^d^e The Tremor. .com / eltemblor / History / 1982.html «History of Soda Stereo. The Stereotypes » . The Galleon . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Planet Stereo. “How did the name of the band?” . Planet Stereo. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Retrieved on December 14, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c^d Animal Image. “Soda Stereo. Biography. Explode siphon. ” . Animal Image. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ «Drago» is a well-known brand of siphons from Argentina.
Back to top↑ In a report by the journalist Sebastián Feijoo, Gustavo Cerati stated that “this work (for” A part of history “) particularly mobilizes me a lot because Alfredo Lois did. Alfredo was - in some way - the fourth Soda Stereo and died shortly after having taken care of the material. “ Interview in the Pepsi Music Cerati: Sometimes the rock does not want to grow , interview of Sebastián Feijoo, Terra, October 13, 2005
Back to top↑ Jose E. Peña. History of Soda . Soda Stereo in Chile. Archived from the original on March 2, 2000 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b “Cheto” is an Argentine derogatory term to refer to a person of high class. Pablo Andisco and Bruno Lazzaro. “The rock of the four corners .” The Bondi, 2007. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Horacio Martinez was the producer who “discovered” Tanguito , Los Gatos and Moris . National Rock Encyclopedia
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c Rolling Stone Magazine {Argentina} (2007). “The Fourth Soda .” Zone of Promises . Retrieved on December 8, 2010 .
Back to top↑ Virus, Juan Carlos Baglietto , GIT , Sweater , Zas , Grandparents of Nothing , Marilina Ross , Celeste Carballo , Sandra Mihanovich , etc.
↑ Jump to:^a^b Rock.com.ar . Soda Stereo . Rock.com.ar . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Soda Stereo. «Official site of Soda Stereo. History » . Soda Stereo . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Voice of the Interior. «Following the steps of Soda Stereo in Cordoba» . Journal The Voice of the Interior . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ From Below. «Special Report: Soda Stereo» . From below. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Bobby Flores. “Tremor in Works” . Magazine Rock & Pop, April 11, 1986 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Animal Image. «America at his feet» . Animal Image. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Tremor. .com / eltemblor / History / 1986.html «1986: America es de Soda» . The Galleon . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b^c Zeiger, Claudio. «Books:” Dancing on the Debris “by Carlos Polimeni » . Page 12, May 12, 2002 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Dragon on the Sea. «Soda Stereo - Free Concert 1986 (First Show of the band in Chile)» . Mp3.ideaweb.cl . Consulted on December 9, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Earth. «1986: Peru welcomes Soda Stereo as its new heroes» . Mp3.ideaweb.cl . Consulted on December 9, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Zone of Promises. «Unofficial Site of Soda Stereo. Discography Signos » . Zone of Promises. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b The Tremor. .com / eltemblor / History / 1987.html «1987: Always on Top» . The Galleon . Accessed December 8, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Rolling Stone Argentina. «Top 10 Argentine live albums» . Rolling Stone Argentina . Consulted on December 9, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Double Life - AllMusic.com
↑ Jump to:^a^b Daniel Kon and Roberto Costa. «Soda Stereo: 1982 - 2007, You’ll See Me Back» . Aerosoda . Consulted on December 9, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Two years later Sandro made forty shows followed in the theater Gran Rex.
Back to top↑ Zone of Promises. «Unofficial Site of Soda Stereo. Discography Signos » . Promises Zone, page 3. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Wild Children Journal. «History of Soda Stereo» . The Wild Children Journal, Ecuador, 2007 . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Martín Pérez. “Much more than zero .” Page / 12 . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Here you can see that transmission
Back to top↑ Coveralia. «Stereo Sleep Cap» . Coveralia . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ «Interview with Cerati I (Subte)»
Back to top↑ No Page Supplement / 12, 06/29/95
↑ Jump to:^a^b Rock.mx. “A decade from his farewell we will see you back .” Rock.mx. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 10, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Cerati, Gustavo. “The goodbye letter .” Diario Clarín, May 2, 1997. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015.
Back to top↑ Cerati, Gustavo. “Total thanks .” YouTube . Consulted on September, 20, 1997 .
Back to top↑ Zeta Bosio: I did not find any new partners , Clarín, February 18, 2007
↑ Jump to:^a^b “” You will see me come back “marks the return of the mythical Argentinean group Soda Stereo, not only to the stages, but to the lists of preferred recordings productions of Latin America” ,. «Soda Stereo returns to Latin America’s best-selling album list» . RPP News, November 8, 2007. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 12, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Germán Arrascaeta. «Total holas» . The Voice of the Interior, September 22, 2007 . Accessed December 11, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Club Musseum. Club Musseum . Musseum Club Official Site. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 11, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Gestures are being done, but it would cost an eye to the face. Sodamanía: Ochenteros make orders to go to Viña , La Cuarta, Chile, 2007
Back to top↑ Ten years later … was a quake in the city of fury , Radio Universo, Chile
Back to top↑ Earth. «Soda Stereo did not fill stadium in the USA» . Earth, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Jorge Sosa. “Sodamania began .” Chronicle Viva, 2007. Archived from the original on May 2, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Nation. “Why the ‘sodamania’ returned to the country .” The Nation, November 5, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Various. “Soda Stereo said goodbye to a crowd .” Animal Image, 2007 . Consulted the 24 of December of 2007 .
Back to top↑ “Up to ten years.” Farewell of Gustavo Cerati in the recital of Soda Stereo in River Plate, Buenos Aires, on November 2, 2007.
Back to top↑ Soda Stereo: your CD / DVD is coming
Back to top↑ http://www.allmusic.com/artist/soda-stereo-mn0000753507/awards AllMusic.com - Soda Stereo
Back to top↑ iTunes - Music - Soda Stereo
Back to top↑ Dynamo by Soda Stereo - Rate Your Music
Back to top↑ El Comercio.pe. «Soda Stereo and the most unusual covers of his songs» . El Comercio.pe, May 15, 2013 . Retrieved on August 26, 2013 .
Back to top↑ Zayra Mo. «Soda Stereo is claimed as the mythical group of Latin American rock» . EFE, 7 Days, May 12, 2007. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 12, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b «How Soda Stereo marked Latin American rock» . BBC . September 4, 2014 . Accessed January 30, 2016 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Farinelli, Victor (May 9, 2014). «Soda Stereo: four years without the great legend of Latin rock» . Latin American Network . Accessed January 30, 2016 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Javier Aguirre. ‘Total fat’ . Page / 12 (SUplemento NO), March 26, 2007 . Consulted the 23-01-2010 of December of 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Nation. «Soda Stereo, between sleep and comfort» . Newspaper La Nación , October 3, 1996. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Accessed December 12, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Underground Pirate (September 1, 2007). ” Soda Stéreo in Bogotá “, in the online magazine Bogotá Subterránea, Bogotá, Colombia.
Back to top↑ Saborizante, Chile
Back to top↑ “National rock is part of a broader movement that could be called in different ways - Latin American rock, rock sung in Spanish, Spanish rock - but deep down, you know, it’s just rock & roll.”
↑ Jump to:^a^b The world of rock in Venezuela. «History of Rock in Venezuela» . The world of rock in Venezuela . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Today’s Chronicle. «Shakira confirms her participation in MTV Latin America» . Today’s Chronicle, Mexico, August 4, 2006 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The Times. «Santaolalla: ‘Soda Stereo is emblematic ‘ » . Los Tiempos, September 20, 2007. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b AP. “Juanes, Santaolalla and others are waiting anxiously for Soda Stereo .” Yahoo News, AP, September 19, 2007. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Rock.com.mx. “A decade from his farewell we will see you back. Five basic Soda Stereo disks » . Rock.com.mx. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ New Rock. «History of national rock» . New Rock, 2005. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Pablo Zamora. «The unbeatable idol» . Clarín, February 28, 1999 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ America News. “These are the multitudinous concerts in Lima The Cure you can overcome them ?” .
Back to top↑ Soda Stereo.com. «First shows of the tour» . Soda Stereo, News, November 1, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Blog of the Archangel. «Soda Stereo hits historic record» . Blog of the Archangel, December 10, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
↑ Jump to:^a^b Soda Stereo.com. «Soda Stereo hits historic records in Bogotá and Panama» . Soda Stereo, News, November 29, 2007 . Retrieved on December 17, 2007 .
Back to top↑ Soda Stereo.com. «Soda Stereo hits historic records» . Soda Stereo, News, December 18, 2007 . Retrieved on December 18, 2007 .
Back to top↑ The day came `Stereo’, with Tweety Gonzalez, the` fourth Soda’ , Urgent 24, October 19, 2007 ; Tweety Gonzalez: The Four Soda , What’s Up
Back to top↑ In a report by journalist Sebastian Feijoo, Gustavo Cerati said that “This work (” A part of history “) particularly moves melot because he did Alfredo Lois. Alfredo was - in some way - the fourth Soda Stereo and died shortly after having taken care of the material. “ Interview at Pepsi Music Cerati:” Sometimes rock does not want to grow “ , interview of Sebastian Feijoo, Terra, October 13, 2005
Back to top↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eDug5Q5y3c&feature=share
Back to top↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpiY999wHTM